The carotenoid Astaxanthin, a member of the xanthophyll subclass, has numerous clinical benefits due to its unique effect on the cell membrane. It neutralizes free radicals and oxidants by absorbing or releasing electrons without becoming a pro-oxidant. Its linear structure and polar-nonpolar-polar arrangement allow it to fit precisely into cell membranes, with its polar structure scavenging free radicals in an aqueous environment and its nonpolar segment providing oxidation resistance and electron delocalization.
Clinical studies have proven the efficacy and safety of astaxanthin. In double-blind, randomized and controlled studies, it reduced oxidative stress and improved biomarkers for inflammation and immunity. It also lowers triglycerides, increases HDL cholesterol and improves blood flow in microcirculation models. In a small clinical study, astaxanthin improved cognitive abilities as well as the differentiation and proliferation of neural stem cells. Several studies have also shown that astaxanthin improves vision and eye adaptation.
Astaxanthin has been shown to have a positive effect on fertility and sperm function. In a clinical study, men who received 16 mg of astaxanthin daily for three months showed a higher linear velocity of sperm and a lower production of oxygen-free radicals in the sperm, resulting in a significantly higher pregnancy rate compared to the placebo group.
In another study, the effect of astaxanthin on functional dyspepsia was investigated. While it did not lead to a significant reduction in overall symptoms, the higher dose of 40 mg/day reduced symptoms associated with acid reflux and improved well-being in quality of life questionnaires.
Astaxanthin is mainly absorbed through food, with seafood being the most important source. It is also used as a feed additive for farmed seafood to improve their color. Natural astaxanthin is mainly obtained from the algae Haematococcus pluvialis, but there is also synthetic astaxanthin. Natural and synthetic astaxanthin differ in their chemical composition, bioavailability, purity and sensory quality.
Further clinical studies have shown that natural astaxanthin has a good safety profile, with no serious adverse effects observed even at high doses. In one study, a red coloration of the stool and an increased bowel frequency were observed at a dose of 30 mg, while no significant changes in liver parameters were observed at a dose of 8 to 12 mg daily.
Conclusion
Astaxanthin has been shown to have various benefits for human longevity due to its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to protect cells from oxidative stress, reduces inflammation and improves immune function. In addition, astaxanthin has been linked to improved cardiovascular health, cognitive function and sperm quality, all of which are important factors in overall longevity – a relevant component of our BIOCOACH Longevity Lifestyle.